3 February 2010
Data as at 2 February 2010


Map of polio cases worldwide
Wild poliovirus list 2000-2010 (PDF)
Monthly situation reports

Independent Monitoring Reports on Immunization Activities

Map of infected districts (PDF)
Circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (PDF)
Monthly case distribution, infected districts and surveillance indicators (PDF)
    

Information by country

 

Total cases	Year-to-date 2010	Year-to-date 2009	Total in 2009
Globally	10	11	1597
- in endemic countries:	8	10	1247
- in non-endemic countries:	2	1	350

Case breakdown by country

• The Horn of Africa is now off the Active Outbreak List, with Kenya this week following Sudan and Uganda in having not reported a case of poliovirus in more than six months.
• Bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV) is being used for the first time in Africa this week during National Immunization Plus Days in Nigeria. bOPV's ability to tackle both type-1 and type-3 wild poliovirus concurrently with high efficacy is significant for Nigeria, where transmission of both types continues.
• India's Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh will launch India's National Immunization Days from 7 February, becoming the first Indian Prime Minister in history to do so. India reported no cases of wild poliovirus - type 1 or type 3 - this week.
• The numbers of type-1 polio cases in November and December globally were the lowest in recorded history.

Endemic countries

• One new case was reported in the past week, a wild poliovirus type 3 (WPV3) in a high-risk district of Hilmand Province. This is the most recent case, with onset of paralysis on 7 January. The total number of cases for 2010 is two (both WPV3), and for 2009 remains 38.
• Afghanistan has not reported a type-1 case since 25 July 2009.
• A mop-up campaign was successfully held throughout Nangarhar province, immunizing 400,000 children without incidents or access problems with bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV).
• Preparations continue for a workshop to be held in Kandahar for provincial and district-level supervisors as part of the Southern Region's district-specific plan to target districts with persistent transmission.
• Planning continues for the upcoming Subnational Immunization Days (SNIDs) from 14-16 February, using bOPV. District-level plans are being developed to maximize access to children by vaccination teams, particularly in the highest-risk security-compromised districts of the Southern Region.

• No new cases were reported in the past week. The total number of cases for 2010 is three, and for 2009 is 732. The most recent case had onset of paralysis on 5 January 2010 (WPV3 from Bihar).
• Type-1 polio continues to be at record low levels, with no WPV1 reported in Uttar Pradesh since 13 November and no cases reported from Bihar since 29 October. India is tackling its last remaining chain of genetic transmission, down from nine four years ago.
• The Prime Minister of India, Dr Manmohan Singh, has agreed to launch the upcoming National Immunization Days (NIDs) from 7 February. Most of the country will use trivalent OPV (tOPV), while monovalent OPV type 1 (mOPV1), monovalent OPV type 3 (mOPV3) and bOPV will be used in high-risk areas of western Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and adjoining states.

• One new case was reported in the past week, a WPV3 in Delta State, in the south. This is the first case of 2010, with onset of paralysis on 3 January. The total number of cases for 2009 remains 388. Since August 2009, Nigeria has only reported 13 cases of wild poliovirus.
• National Immunization Plus Days (NIPDs) are currently under way throughout the country, excepting Plateau State, which has delayed its immunization activity due to security issues. This is the first time that bOPV has been used in Africa.
• The next planned activity is a national round using tOPV from 6-9 March.

• No new cases were reported in the past week. The total number of cases for 2010 is two, while the total number of cases for 2009 remains 89. The most recent case had onset of paralysis on 7 January 2010 (WPV3 from Quetta, Balochistan).
• Preparations continue for a workshop from 8-9 February to draft district-specific plans for stopping WPV transmission in the 15 high-risk districts. Concurrently, the Federal Health Minister will chair the first Interprovincial Coordination Committee for Polio Eradication to finalize province-specific plans for eradication.
• The next NIDs are planned for 15-17 February, using bOPV and coordinated with SNIDs in Afghanistan.

Importation countries

• No new cases were reported in the past week. The total number of cases for 2009 remains 29. The most recent case had onset of paralysis on 15 September (WPV1 from Benguela).
• SNIDs were held on 11-13 December, using mOPV1, in Benguela, Bengo, Cuanza Sul, Cuanza Norte and Luanda. The next SIAs in Angola are planned to be nationwide in May.

• No new cases were reported this week. The total number of cases in 2009 remains three. The most recent case had onset of paralysis on 15 October (WPV3 from Extrême Nord province).
• NIDs with trivalent OPV were held on 4-6 December. The next Supplementary Immunization Activities are tentatively planned for early March.

• Three new WPV3 cases were reported in the past week from three new districts, and include the first case of 2010, with onset of paralysis on 2 January in Wadi Fira. The total number of cases for 2009 is 68.
• Intense poliovirus transmission in Chad poses a grave threat to the success of polio eradication in Africa. Major advocacy initiatives have been launched to secure enhanced political commitment from Heads of State and Provincial Governors.
• Chad has not had an SIA since October 2009, as the round planned for 4 December was postponed. Nationwide SIAs are planned from 5 February, using tOPV. This will be followed by a round in early March using mOPV3, in coordination with countries across central and west Africa.

• No new cases were reported in DR Congo in the past week. The total number of cases for 2009 remains three. The most recent case had onset of paralysis on 24 June (WPV3 from Bas-Congo).
• The most recent SIAs took place on 17 November in South Kivu and on 26 November 2009 in North Kivu. SNIDs are planned for May and June.

• No new cases were reported in the past week. Kenya has not reported a case since 30 July and thus the Horn of Africa comes off the Active Outbreak List. The total number of cases for Kenya, Sudan and Uganda in 2009 remains 71. The most recent case had onset of paralysis on 30 July (WPV1 from Kenya).
• A surveillance review will be held in north and south Sudan in the first and second quarters of 2010 to ensure that acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance data is of a sufficient standard to ensure the country is polio-free.
• The most recent SIAs in the region were held in southern Sudan on 7 December and in northern Sudan from 14 December, with both areas using trivalent OPV.
• Northern Sudan will conduct its next SIAs on 22 February using bOPV, and southern Sudan is planning rounds for 17 February using mOPV1.

• One new case was reported in the past week (WPV1 from Mauritania), with onset of paralysis reported on 22 December. The total number of cases for 2009 is now 160, with one case reported in 2010 (WPV1 with onset of paralysis on 5 January in Senegal).
• This most recent case is genetically linked to ongoing circulation in neighbouring Mauritania, and underscores the risk of ongoing spread of WPV1 in west Africa. Intense transmission appears to be continuing in Guinea and Mauritania, with potential for greater spread in Senegal.
• In response to this most recent case, large-scale outbreak response mop-ups are planned in Senegal and Mauritania on 12 and 15 February respectively, with mOPV1. This will be followed by a large, 19-country synchronized immunization campaign across west and central Africa on 6 March, using mOPV1 and bOPV (in countries to the east) then a smaller multi-country synchronized campaign on 26 March. A further coordinated campaign will be held on 24 April.

The Global Eradication of Polio