28 July 2010
Data as at 27 July 2010


Map of polio cases worldwide
Wild poliovirus list 2000-2010 (PDF)
Monthly situation reports

Independent Monitoring Reports on Immunization Activities

Map of infected districts (PDF)
Circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (PDF)
Monthly case distribution, infected districts and surveillance indicators (PDF)
    

Information by country

 

Total cases	Year-to-date 2010	Year-to-date 2009	Total in 2009
Globally	576	730	1604
- in endemic countries:	73	539	1256
- in non-endemic countries:	503	191	348

Case breakdown by country

• On Friday 30 July, one year will have passed since the last case in Kenya, marking the end of the polio outbreak in the Horn of Africa which lasted from 2008 to 2009 and paralysed 101 children.
• Outbreaks following importation account for 503 cases to date this year, whereas endemic countries report 73 cases.
• Over 75% of global cases this year are as a result of the outbreak in Tajikistan following importation of virus of Indian origin, foreshadowing the impact of not stopping polio in the endemic areas.

Endemic countries

• No new cases were reported in the past week. The total number of cases for this year remains 12 (four WPV1 and eight WPV3). The most recent case had onset of paralysis on 23 May, in Kandahar province.
• Discussions on possible cooperation are ongoing with the non-governmental organization ARCS, supported by the International Committee of the Red Cross. ARCS has a network of more than 1000 community based first aid workers in 11 districts of Kandahar province and potential access in number of difficult areas.
• A Sub-National Immunization Day (SNID) was held 25-27 July targeting almost 3 million children living in Southern, South Eastern, Eastern regions and Farah province of Western Region with bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV). In Helmand Province (Southern Region) the campaign starts on 28 July.
• A separate mop-up using trivalent oral polio vaccine (tOPV) will take place in Nad Ali, Helmand Province, with cases of type 2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus, on 29 July.
• The next National Immunization Days (NIDs) are scheduled for 26-28 September, using bOPV, in coordination with Pakistan and after the end of Ramadan.

• No new cases were reported in the past week. The total number of cases for this year remains 24 (six WPV1 and 18 WPV3). The most recent case had onset of paralysis on 14 June (WPV3 from West Bengal).
• A staggered series of Supplementary Immunization Activities (SIAs) took place from 4-25 July in key districts of Uttar Pradesh (UP) and Bihar and in areas with importations of virus from these two states (Delhi, Jharkhand, West Bengal and Punjab).
• Additional technical support in West Bengal, as well as increased engagement from state and district officials, is expected to slow the outbreak there soon. An SIA is planned for 8 August in West Bengal and bordering areas of Jharkhand and Bihar.

• No new cases were reported in the past week. The total number of cases for 2010 is six (three WPV1 and three WPV3). The most recent case had onset of paralysis on 18 June (WPV1 from Borno).
• Last week, the National Primary Healthcare Development Agency (NPHCDA) convened zonal meetings with State teams from all northern states. Performance during first half of the year was reviewed and plans for the remaining half of the year discussed for RI and PEI. A special one day side meeting also reviewed status of surveillance with particular emphasis on addressing remaining gaps in AFP surveillance in line with 19th Expert Review Committee (ERC) recommendations
• The National social mobilization working group has updated the training package for monitoring the engagement of traditional leaders in the SIAs, and this package is expected to be used in the upcoming IPDs.
• The 20th ERC meeting is to be held on 27-28 September.
• Preparations are under way for the next Immunization Plus Days (IPDs), which will focus on the 107 highest-risk Local Government Areas (LGAs), on 5-8 August. Federal Government and partner agencies are deploying additional senior level supervisors from non-participating states to support the implementing states, particularly those that have experienced recent WPV (Borno, Zamfara) as well as Plateau and Kano (which have a large number of participating LGAs).

• One new case was reported in the past week (WPV1 from Bajour Agency in North West Frontier Province- NWFP), bringing the total number of cases for 2010 to 31 (15 WPV1 and 16 WPV3). The most recent case had onset of paralysis on 24 June (WPV3 from Punjab).
• The Governor of NWFP (now known as Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) has constituted a Crisis Task Force for Polio Eradication in the Federally-Administered Tribal Agencies (FATA), to be headed by the Additional Chief Secretary of FATA and to report regularly to the Governor. The objectives of the task force include developing a strategy to address issues of access.
• An SIA to target the highest-risk areas in all four provinces is tentatively scheduled for 2-5 August. The next NIDs will be held 27-29 September, using bOPV, in coordination with Afghanistan and after the end of Ramadan.

Importation countries

• One new case was reported in the past week (WPV1 from Lunda Sul), bringing the total number of cases for 2010 to 16 (all WPV1). This most recent case had onset of paralysis on 16 June.
• This is the second case in Lunda Sul this year. The expanding outbreak has also now re-infected the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
• Mop-up campaigns have been held (in synchronization with the Democratic Republic of the Congo) throughout June.
• NIDs are planned for 6-8 August and early September, using bivalent OPV.

• No new cases were reported in this week. The total number of cases for 2010 remains 14 (all WPV3s). The most recent case had onset of paralysis on 22 May (from Logone Oriental).
• An outbreak response SIA, using mOPV1, is currently taking place in N'Djamena and Chari Baguirmi. The Technical Advisory Group is meeting on 28 July to examine performance this year and recommend tactics and a schedule of activities for the rest of the year. At this stage, SNIDs are planned for August and September and NIDs for October and November.

• One new case was reported this week (WPV1 from Kasai Occidental), bringing the total number of cases for 2010 to two. This most recent case had onset of paralysis on 25 June.
• Genetic sequencing is under way on this case; the previous case was related to an expanding outbreak in Angola. The Democratic Republic of Congo remains at high risk of infection, given ongoing transmission of WPV on its border, in Lunda Norte province in Angola.
• Two cross-border mop-up activities were conducted in Angola and southern Democratic Republic of Congo on 4 and 18 June, and additional SIAs in August and September are currently under discussion.

• No wild poliovirus cases have been reported across the Horn of Africa for 2010.
• This week marks a year since the most recent case in Kenya (30 July 2009) and the end of the Horn of Africa outbreak, following a series of multi-country immunization campaigns, scale-up of technical support and strong political engagement by the affected countries.
• Somalia has conducted staggered SIAs throughout July. Ethiopia is planning to hold SNIDs on 6-9 August in response to circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus.

• No new cases were reported in the past week. The total number of cases for 2010 remains four (all WPV1). The most recent case had onset of paralysis on 5 June (WPV1 from CDR).
• A SNID using mOPV1 is to be held on 31 July to cover high-risk districts bordering Bihar state in India.

• 12 new cases were reported in the past week, bringing the total number of cases for 2010 to 437. The most recent case had onset of paralysis on 4 July.
• A surveillance review is under way to ensure that strong AFP surveillance levels are sustained.
• To minimize the risk and consequences of international spread of polio from Tajikistan: Uzbekistan has held three national rounds of supplementary immunization. The first round of nationwide NIDs was held in Turkmenistan starting 12 July 2010, and Kyrgyzstan held its first round starting 19 July.

• No new cases have been reported this week. The total number of cases for 2010 in west Africa is 30 (the bulk of which - 18 cases - are from Senegal, with others being reported from Liberia, Mauritania, Mali, Niger and Sierra Leone). The date of onset of paralysis of the last case was 1 May (from Mali).
• While the prospects of meeting the first milestone in the Global Polio Eradication Initiative Strategic Plan 2010-2012 is promising – ending outbreaks that began before 2010 – there are a number of cases pending analysis from this region.
• In response to the last case in Mali, a mop-up immunization activity is planned for 30 July, synchronized across high-risk districts of Mali and Mauritania, with a special focus on targeting nomadic populations.

The Global Eradication of Polio